Method and apparatus for transmitting messages associated with internet protocol version 4 (ipv4) addresses on an internet protocol version 6 (ipv6) network

ABSTRACT

A computer-implemented method for transmitting messages associated with IPv4 addresses on an IPv6 network comprising: receiving, in a first message from an IPv4 network, an IPv4 address of a component in the IPv4 network; parsing the IPv4 address into a plurality of elements; creating a new host name for the IPv4 address based on the parsed plurality of elements; sending, to a domain name server (DNS) associated with the IPv6 network, a request to perform a DNS lookup of the host name; responsive to the DNS lookup request, receiving an IPv6 address; and processing the first message as if it were originally received with the IPv6 address.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to a voice overinternet protocol (VoIP) service, and more specifically, to methods andapparatus for transmitting messages associated with IPv4 addresses on anIPv6 network.

Description of the Related Art

Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of theInternet Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that provides anidentification and location system for computers on networks, and routestraffic across the Internet. IPv6 is meant to replace IPv4 due to thedepletion of the pool of unallocated IPv4 addresses. Although manyservice providers currently use servers in the IPv4 network, some mobiledevice manufacturers require that the apps developed for their devicesuse the IPv6-only network.

A Domain Name System 64 (DNS64)/Network Address Translation 64 (NAT64)network, described in Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Request forComments (RFC) Paper No. 3261 entitled, “DNS64: DNS Extensions forNetwork Address Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4 Servers,”incorporated herein by reference, is a technology to allow IPv6-onlyclients to receive special IPv6 addresses that are proxied to IPv4addresses. This proxy service is then called NAT64. In other words,using the DNS64/NAT64 network, messages (i.e., IPv4 packets) maycontinue to be sent to clients over an IPv4 network even if the clientsending the messages is on an IPv6 network. In current routingsolutions, address mapping is performed between the physical layers andtransport layers of a protocol stack on a packet-by-packet basis, suchthat each packet that is received with an IPv4 address, is modified andtransmitted with an IPv6 address. However, the above IPv4 to IPv6routing solution requires extensive modification of a provider'sback-end systems where the translation is performed, as well asmodification of each individual packet.

Therefore, there is a need in the art for an improved method andapparatus for transmitting messages associated with IPv4 addresses on anIPv6 network that builds on the above techniques.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for transmittingmessages associated with IPv4 addresses on an IPv6 network, when an IPv4address for a network component is received on an IPv6 network device isprovided. The method comprises receiving, in a first message from anIPv4 network, an IPv4 address of a component in the IPv4 network,parsing the IPv4 address into a plurality of elements; creating a newhost name for the IPv4 address based on the parsed plurality ofelements, and sending to a domain name server (DNS) associated with theIPv6 network, a request to perform a DNS lookup of the host name. Inresponse to the DNS lookup request, an IPv6 address is received. Thefirst message is processed as if it were originally received with theIPv6 address.

Further embodiments relate to a client device that is connected to anIPv6 network, wherein the client application is preconfigured with an IPaddress conversion format and configured to receive, in a first messagefrom the IPv4 network, an IPv4 address of a component in the IPv4network; parse the IPv4 address into a plurality of elements; create anew host name for the IPv4 address based on the parsed plurality ofelements; send, to a domain name server (DNS) associated with the IPv6network, a request to perform a DNS lookup of the host name; responsiveto the DNS lookup request, receive an IPv6 address; and process thefirst request as if it were received with the IPv6 address.

A computer-implemented method for transmitting messages associated withIPv4 addresses on an IPv6 network, when an IPv4 address for a networkcomponent is received on an IPv6 network device is provided. Thecomputer-implemented method comprises: receiving, in a first messagefrom an IPv4 network, an IPv4 address of a component in the IPv4network, parsing the IPv4 address into a plurality of elements; creatinga new host name for the IPv4 address based on the parsed plurality ofelements, and sending to a domain name server (DNS) associated with theIPv6 network, a request to perform a DNS lookup of the host name. Inresponse to the DNS lookup request, an IPv6 address is received. Thefirst message is processed as if it were originally received with theIPv6 address.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

So that the manner in which the above recited features of the presentinvention can be understood in detail, a more particular description ofthe invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference toembodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Itis to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate onlytypical embodiments of this invention and are therefore not to beconsidered limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to otherequally effective embodiments.

FIG. 1 depicts a block diagram of a telecommunication network, accordingto one or more embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a more detailed depiction of the components used to transmitmessages associated with IPv4 addresses on an IPv6 network, according toone or more embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 3 depicts a flow diagram of a method for transmitting messagesassociated with IPv4 addresses on an IPv6 network, according to one ormore embodiments of the invention; and

FIG. 4 depicts a computer system that can be utilized in variousembodiments of the present invention to implement the computer and/orthe display, according to one or more embodiments of the invention.

To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have beenused, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common tothe figures. The figures are not drawn to scale and may be simplifiedfor clarity. It is contemplated that elements and features of oneembodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments withoutfurther recitation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to methods andapparatus for transmitting messages/packets associated with IPv4addresses on an IPv6 network. According to an exemplary embodiment, whena message, for example, a request, response, media, or the like isreceived on a client device, the message includes an address where aresponse is to be sent. A response, as used herein, includes a messageresponse, media, future requests, and the like. The client device is onan IPv6 network however, the address is typically an IPv4 address. Anapplication on the client device converts the IPv4 address to a new hostname, and sends the converted host name to a DNS64 server, which returnsan IPv6 address. The client application transmits the response messageto the returned IPv6 address as if the received message were originallyreceived with the IPv6 address. From then on, when the client devicesends a message on the IPv6 network, the message is routed to thenetwork component associated with the IPv4 address originally receivedin the message. As used herein, messages and packets associated withIPv4 addresses include, but are not limited to, SIP responses, requests,media packets, and the like that include or are otherwise directed toIPv4 addresses.

Some portions of the detailed description which follow are presented interms of operations on binary digital signals stored within a memory ofa specific apparatus or special purpose computing device or platform. Inthe context of this particular specification, the term specificapparatus or the like includes a general purpose computer once it isprogrammed to perform particular functions pursuant to instructions fromprogram software. In this context, operations or processing involvephysical manipulation of physical quantities. Typically, although notnecessarily, such quantities may take the form of electrical or magneticsignals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared orotherwise manipulated. It has proven convenient at times, principallyfor reasons of common usage, to refer to such signals as bits, data,values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, numerals or thelike. It should be understood, however, that all of these or similarterms are to be associated with appropriate physical quantities and aremerely convenient labels. Unless specifically stated otherwise, asapparent from the following discussion, it is appreciated thatthroughout this specification discussions utilizing terms such as“processing,” “computing,” “calculating,” “determining” or the likerefer to actions or processes of a specific apparatus, such as a specialpurpose computer or a similar special purpose electronic computingdevice. In the context of this specification, therefore, a specialpurpose computer or a similar special purpose electronic computingdevice is capable of manipulating or transforming signals, typicallyrepresented as physical electronic or magnetic quantities withinmemories, registers, or other information storage devices, transmissiondevices, or display devices of the special purpose computer or similarspecial purpose electronic computing device.

Some exemplary embodiments described below are with respect to a mobileVoice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) telecommunication app. However, oneskilled in the art will readily recognize from the following descriptionthat any native application may be used in embodiments consistent withthe present invention without departing from the principles of thedisclosure described herein.

In the following description, the terms VOIP system, VOIP telephonysystem, IP system and IP telephony system are all intended to refer to asystem that connects callers and that delivers data, text, video, andvoice communications using Internet protocol data communications. Thoseof ordinary skill in the art will recognize that embodiments of thepresent invention are not limited to use with IP telephony systems andmay also be used in other systems.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, a communications environment 100 is providedto facilitate IP enhanced communications. An IP telephony system 120enables connection of telephone calls between its own customers andother parties via data communications that pass over a data network 110.The data network 110 is commonly the Internet, although the IP telephonysystem 120 may also make use of private data networks. The IP telephonysystem 120 is connected to the Internet 110. In addition, the IPtelephony system 120 is connected to a publicly switched telephonenetwork (PSTN) 130 via a gateway 122. The PSTN 130 may also be directlycoupled to the Internet 110 through one of its own internal gateways(not shown). Thus, communications may pass back and forth between the IPtelephony system 120 and the PSTN 130 through the Internet 110 via agateway maintained within the PSTN 130.

The gateway 122 allows users and devices that are connected to the PSTN130 to connect with users and devices that are reachable through the IPtelephony system 120, and vice versa. In some instances, the gateway 122would be a part of the IP telephony system 120. In other instances, thegateway 122 could be maintained by a third party.

Customers of the IP telephony system 120 can place and receive telephonecalls using an IP telephone 108 that is connected to the Internet 110.Such an IP telephone 108 could be connected to an Internet serviceprovider via a wired connection or via a wireless router. In someinstances, the IP telephone 108 could utilize a packet-switched networkof a cellular telephone system to access the Internet 110.

Alternatively, a customer could utilize an analog telephone 102 which isconnected to the Internet 110 via a telephone adapter 104. The telephoneadapter 104 converts analog signals from the telephone 102 into datasignals that pass over the Internet 110, and vice versa. Analogtelephone devices include but are not limited to standard telephones anddocument imaging devices such as facsimile machines. A configurationusing a telephone adapter 104 is common where the analog telephone 102is located in a residence or business. Other configurations are alsopossible where multiple analog telephones share access through the sameIP adaptor. In those situations, all analog telephones could share thesame telephone number, or multiple communication lines (e.g., additionaltelephone numbers) may provisioned by the IP telephony system 120.

In addition, a customer could utilize a soft-phone client running on acomputer 106 or a television 109 to place and receive IP based telephonecalls, and to access other IP telephony systems (not shown). Thecomputer 106 may be a personal computer (PC), a tablet device, a gamingsystem, and the like. In some instances, the soft-phone client could beassigned its own telephone number. In other instances, the soft-phoneclient could be associated with a telephone number that is also assignedto an IP telephone 108, or to a telephone adaptor 104 that is connectedto one or more analog telephones 102.

Users of the IP telephony system 120 are able to access the service fromvirtually any location where they can connect to the Internet 110. Thus,a customer could register with an IP telephony system provider in theU.S., and that customer could then use an IP telephone 108 located in acountry outside the U.S. to access the services. Likewise, the customercould also utilize a computer outside the U.S. that is running asoft-phone client to access the IP telephony system 120.

A third party using an analog telephone 132 which is connected to thePSTN 130 may call a customer of the IP telephony system 120. In thisinstance, the call is initially connected from the analog telephone 132to the PSTN 130, and then from the PSTN 130, through the gateway 122 tothe IP telephony system 120. The IP telephony system 120 then routes thecall to the customer's IP telephony device. A third party using acellular telephone 134 could also place a call to an IP telephony systemcustomer, and the connection would be established in a similar manner,although the first link would involve communications between thecellular telephone 134 and a cellular telephone network. For purposes ofthis explanation, the cellular telephone network is considered part ofthe PSTN 130.

In the following description, references will be made to an “IPtelephony device.” This term is used to refer to any type of devicewhich is capable of interacting with an IP telephony system to completean audio or video telephone call or to send and receive text messages,and other forms of communications. An IP telephony device could be an IPtelephone, a computer running IP telephony software, a telephone adapterwhich is itself connected to a normal analog telephone, or some othertype of device capable of communicating via data packets. An IPtelephony device could also be a cellular telephone or a portablecomputing device that runs a software application that enables thedevice to act as an IP telephone. Thus, a single device might be capableof operating as both a cellular telephone that can facilitate voicebased session calls, and an IP telephone that can facilitate data basedsession calls.

The following description will also refer to a mobile telephony device.The term “mobile telephony device” is intended to encompass multipledifferent types of devices. In some instances, a mobile telephony devicecould be a cellular telephone. In other instances, a mobile telephonydevice may be a mobile computing device, such as the APPLE IPHONE, thatincludes both cellular telephone capabilities and a wireless datatransceiver that can establish a wireless data connection to a datanetwork. Such a mobile computing device could run appropriateapplication software to conduct VoIP telephone calls via a wireless dataconnection. Thus, a mobile computing device, such as an APPLE IPHONE, aRIM BLACKBERRY or a comparable device running GOOGLE ANDROID operatingsystem could be a mobile telephony device.

In still other instances, a mobile telephony device may be a device thatis not traditionally used as a telephony device, but which includes awireless data transceiver that can establish a wireless data connectionto a data network. Examples of such devices include the APPLE IPOD TOUCHand the IPAD. Such a device may act as a mobile telephony device once itis configured with appropriate application software.

FIG. 1 illustrates that a mobile computing device with cellularcapabilities 136 _(A) (e.g., a smartphone) is capable of establishing afirst wireless data connection A with a first wireless access point 140,such as a wireless local area network (WLAN) based on the Institute ofElectrical and Electronics Engineers' (IEEE) 802.11 and 802.13 standardsrouter. The first wireless access point 140 is coupled to the Internet110. Thus, the mobile computing device 136 _(A) can establish a VOIPtelephone call with the IP telephony system 120 via a path through theInternet 110 and the first wireless access point 140.

FIG. 1 also illustrates that the mobile computing device 136 _(A) canestablish a second wireless data connection B with a second wirelessaccess point 142 that is also coupled to the Internet 110. Further, themobile computing device 136 _(A) can establish either a third wirelessdata connection C via a packet-switched network provided by a cellularservice provider 130 using its cellular telephone capabilities, orestablish a voice based session telephone call via a circuit-switchednetwork provided by a cellular service provider 130. The mobilecomputing device 136 _(A) could also establish a VoIP telephone callwith the IP telephony system 120 via the second wireless connection B orthe third wireless connection C.

Similarly, mobile computing device with cellular capabilities 136 _(B)may also be coupled to internet 110 and/or cellular service provider130. In some embodiments, mobile computing device 136 _(B) may beconnected to internet 110 via a wireless local area network (WLAN) basedon the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' (IEEE) 802.11and 802.13 standards connection, and the like, and can also establish aVOIP telephone call with the IP telephony system 120 similar to mobilecomputing device 136 _(A). In embodiments of the present invention,communications environment 100 may be used to establish voice based ordata based telecommunications sessions between mobile computing device136 _(A) and mobile computing device 136 _(B), depending on variouscriteria associated with each of the mobile computing devices, as willbe described below in more detail.

In the embodiments described above, a device may act as a mobiletelephony device once it is configured with appropriate applicationsoftware that may be downloaded from an app distribution platform 144.For example, mobile computing device 136 _(A) may download a VOIP mobileapp from app distribution platform 144 and install the VOIP mobile applocally making the app a native application running on mobile computingdevice 136 _(A).

FIG. 2 is a more detailed depiction of the communication system 200including components used to transmit messages associated with IPv4addresses on an IPv6 network, according to one or more embodiments ofthe invention. The exemplary communication system 200 includes an IPv6network 202 and an IPv4 network 204, wherein communication isfacilitated via a DNS64/NAT64 206. The IPv6 network 202 includes a firstclient device 208 (i.e., an IPv6 client) and a DNS server 210. The IPv4network 204 includes a second client device 212 (i.e., an IPv4 client),a service provider system 214, and a DNS server 216.

The two devices 208 and 212 are connected to their respective IPnetworks 202. 204 that may use Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), Voiceover Internet Protocol (VoIP), and the like to form a communicationsession. The details and functionality of SIP can be found in theInternet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Request for Comments (RFC) PaperNo. 3261 entitled, “SIP: Session Initiation Protocol,” that is hereinincorporated in its entirety by reference. The first and second devices(208, 212) may be electronic user devices (e.g., telephones, personalcomputers, laptops, smart phones, mobile phones, tablets, and the like).

Each IP network 202, 204 allows for user devices (wired or wireless) toexchange data and voice communications, and is capable of processing thesending and receiving of both voice and data streams between the firstclient device 208 and the second client device 212.

The first client device 208 includes a CPU 220, support circuits 222,and memory 224. The memory 224 includes an operating system 226, acommunication module 228, and a mobile app 230. The mobile app 230includes an IPv4 address converter 232 and an IPv6 address format 234.The IPv4 address converter 232 includes instructions executable by theCPU 220 to modify SIP signaling information to allow the first clientdevice 208 on the IPv6 network 202 to communicate with the second clientdevice 212 on the IPv4 network 204. The DNS64/NAT64 206 is a DNS64server which generates IPv6 addresses from IPv4 addresses. The NAT64component stores the mapping of the addresses, such that it can laterperform a translation of IPv6 to IPv4 in order to route messages betweenthe IPv6 network 202 and the IPv4 network 204. The service providersystem 214 includes other servers 218 which may include, but are notlimited to proxy servers, registrars, media relays, gateways, or othercomponents on an IPv4 network used to facilitate communication betweenthe first client device 208 and the second client device 212. The DNSserver 216 includes a database with entries that identify host names,and convert from the host name to a physical IPv4 address or a CanonicalName (CNAME) for each of the service provider's back-end components onthe IPv4 network through which the client may communicate.

When the client device 208 receives a message, for example, a SIPsignaling request or the message may be SIP message with SDP in themessage body, the message includes an address that identifies thelocation of a component in the IPv4 network where a response to the SIPrequest or future requests are to be sent (or where to send mediapackets to and/or expect to receive media packets from). The message maybe a request, a response, media, or the like. The address may beanywhere in the message and may be in plain text, Extensible MarkupLanguage (XML), JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), or the like. Theaddress is typically an IPv4 address. Since the client device 208 is onan IPv6-only network, the client device 208 cannot send a response tothe IPv4 address. Although the present disclosure is written using a SIPrequest as an exemplary embodiment, the terms message and response applyto all signaling and media packets that are received on an IPv6 networkand transmitted to an IPv4 network.

The IPv4 address converter 232 extracts the IPv4 address from themessage and parses the IPv4 address to generate a new host name usingthe IPv4 address. The new host name is formatted in accordance with theIPv6 address format 234. The IPv4 converter 232 sends the new host nameto the NAT64/DNS64 206. The NAT64/DNS64 206 accesses the serviceprovider's DNS server 216 to extract the information in the DNS recordassociated with the host name/IPv4 address. The NAT64/DNS64 206generates a new IPv6 address from the retrieved information, stores amapping to/from the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses and returns the IPv6 addressto the mobile app 230. The communication module 228 transmits theresponse message as usual, as if the original message included to IPv6address. Because the NAT64 206 stored the mapping of the addresses whenthe IPv6 address was created, the NAT64 206 can translate the IPv6address back to the IPv4 address, such that the NAT64 206 can forwardany messages to the IPv4 address from the IPv6 network 202.

FIG. 3 depicts a flow diagram for a method 300 for transmitting messagesassociated with IPv4 addresses on an IPv6 network, in accordance withprevious embodiment of the present invention as depicted in FIG. 2. Themethod 300 is performed by the mobile app 230 on the client device 208.

The method 300 begins at step 302 and proceeds to step 304. At step 304,a message is received on a client device, where the client device is onan IPv6-only network. The message may be a SIP signaling message usedfor setting up a communication session. The message may be SIP messagewith SDP in the message body. For example, the message may be a SIPmessage that includes the address of the initiating mobile device thatis on an IPv4 network. Alternately, the message may be received from aproxy server, registrar, media relay, gateway, or other component on anIPv4 network. The message includes the address that identifies thelocation of the transmitting component on the IPv4 network. The IPv4address received by the client on the IPv6-only network cannot be usedon the IPv6-only network to send and receive media, messages, and thelike. An IPv6 address associated with the component is required.

At step 306, the IPv4 address received in the SIP message is parsed andtranslated into a host name. An IPv4 address is in the form of a.b.c.d.The IPv4 address is translated into a host name using the IPv6 addressformat. The IPv6 address format may be determined using an API call orhard-coded into the mobile application. For example, the IPv6 addressmay be in the format prefix_a_b_c_d_posfix.vonage.com, thereby creatinga new host name for the IPv4 address. In some embodiments, thecomponents of the IPv4 address are hashed and the new host name isconstructed using the hash.

At step 308, the new host name is used to send a query through a DNS64server. The DNS64 server includes a NAT64 component. The NAT64 takes theIPv4 address and, using the host name, performs a lookup for a DNSrecord that has been pre-configured on the service provider's DNSserver. The DNS64 configures a new IPv6 address based on the DNS record.The NAT64 stores the IPv4 address with the IPv6 address, and returns theIPv6 address.

At step 310, the IPv6 address is received from the NAT64/DNS64 server.At step 312, message is processed as if it were originally received withthe IPv6 address. The IPv4 address is replaced with the received IPv6address on the client device. The address is changed internally on theclient device, leaving the received message unchanged. The message isthen processed using the received IPv6 address. For example, a responseto the message may be sent to the IPv6 address. In the event the messagewas an SDP message, a connection on the IPv6 address may be opened fortransmitting and receiving media. The mobile device may store thereceived IPv6 address in association with the original IPv4 address. Themobile device continues to transmit and receive messages, responses,media packets, and the like as if it received the IPv6 address in theoriginal message. Since the IPv6 address was received from the NAT64,the NAT64 can forward each packet to the correct IPv4 address outside ofthe IPv6 network. The method ends at step 314.

The present invention overcomes a number of limitations inherent incurrent solutions. The use of the IPv6 address format to create a newhost name is in contrast to a reverse DNS lookup, where a query for anIPv4 address of a.b.c.d would result in a query ofd.c.b.a.-in-addr.arpa. The use of the DNS host name format for reverseDNS lookups requires a service provider to perform some routing tasks,rather than having said tasks performed by the client device, asdescribed in the present disclosure. In addition, the use of a tunnelingserver to tunnel communications from the IPv6 network to the IPv4network may be used for various network protocols that are encapsulatedusing a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) protocol. However, thissolution requires IP address literals, meaning that if a device is on anIPv6 network and the device receives a Session Description Protocol(SDP) formatted with an IPv4 address, the device is unable tocommunicate without a tunneling solution. The present inventionovercomes this limitation of the SDP protocol by dynamically generatinga new host name and using the DNS64 for generating an IPv6 address. Assuch an IP address literal is not used, thereby alleviating the need touse the HTTP tunneling.

FIG. 4 depicts a computer system 400 that can be utilized in variousembodiments of the present invention to implement the computer and/orthe display, according to one or more embodiments.

Various embodiments of method and apparatus for converting from an IPv4network to an IPv6 network, as described herein, may be executed on oneor more computer systems, which may interact with various other devices.One such computer system is computer system 400 illustrated by FIG. 4,which may in various embodiments implement any of the elements orfunctionality illustrated in FIGS. 1-3. In various embodiments, computersystem 400 may be configured to implement methods described above. Thecomputer system 400 may be used to implement any other system, device,element, functionality or method of the above-described embodiments. Inthe illustrated embodiments, computer system 400 may be configured toimplement the method 300 as processor-executable executable programinstructions 422 (e.g., program instructions executable by processor(s)410) in various embodiments.

In the illustrated embodiment, computer system 400 includes one or moreprocessors 410 a-410 n coupled to a system memory 420 via aninput/output (I/O) interface 430. Computer system 400 further includes anetwork interface 440 coupled to I/O interface 430, and one or moreinput/output devices 450, such as cursor control device 460, keyboard470, and display(s) 480. In various embodiments, any of the componentsmay be utilized by the system to receive user input described above. Invarious embodiments, a user interface may be generated and displayed ondisplay 480. In some cases, it is contemplated that embodiments may beimplemented using a single instance of computer system 400, while inother embodiments multiple such systems, or multiple nodes making upcomputer system 400, may be configured to host different portions orinstances of various embodiments. For example, in one embodiment someelements may be implemented via one or more nodes of computer system 400that are distinct from those nodes implementing other elements. Inanother example, multiple nodes may implement computer system 400 in adistributed manner.

In different embodiments, computer system 400 may be any of varioustypes of devices, including, but not limited to, a personal computersystem, desktop computer, laptop, notebook, or netbook computer,mainframe computer system, handheld computer, workstation, networkcomputer, a camera, a set top box, a mobile device, a consumer device,video game console, handheld video game device, application server,storage device, a peripheral device such as a switch, modem, router, orin general any type of computing or electronic device.

In various embodiments, computer system 400 may be a uniprocessor systemincluding one processor 410, or a multiprocessor system includingseveral processors 410 (e.g., two, four, eight, or another suitablenumber). Processors 410 may be any suitable processor capable ofexecuting instructions. For example, in various embodiments processors410 may be general-purpose or embedded processors implementing any of avariety of instruction set architectures (ISAs). In multiprocessorsystems, each of processors 410 may commonly, but not necessarily,implement the same ISA.

System memory 420 may be configured to store program instructions 422and/or data 432 accessible by processor 410. In various embodiments,system memory 420 may be implemented using any suitable memorytechnology, such as static random access memory (SRAM), synchronousdynamic RAM (SDRAM), nonvolatile/Flash-type memory, or any other type ofmemory. In the illustrated embodiment, program instructions and dataimplementing any of the elements of the embodiments described above maybe stored within system memory 420. In other embodiments, programinstructions and/or data may be received, sent or stored upon differenttypes of computer-accessible media or on similar media separate fromsystem memory 420 or computer system 400.

In one embodiment, I/O interface 430 may be configured to coordinate I/Otraffic between processor 410, system memory 420, and any peripheraldevices in the device, including network interface 440 or otherperipheral interfaces, such as input/output devices 450. In someembodiments, I/O interface 430 may perform any necessary protocol,timing or other data transformations to convert data signals from onecomponent (e.g., system memory 420) into a format suitable for use byanother component (e.g., processor 410). In some embodiments, I/Ointerface 430 may include support for devices attached through varioustypes of peripheral buses, such as a variant of the Peripheral ComponentInterconnect (PCI) bus standard or the Universal Serial Bus (USB)standard, for example. In some embodiments, the function of I/Ointerface 430 may be split into two or more separate components, such asa north bridge and a south bridge, for example. Also, in someembodiments some or all of the functionality of I/O interface 430, suchas an interface to system memory 420, may be incorporated directly intoprocessor 410.

Network interface 440 may be configured to allow data to be exchangedbetween computer system 400 and other devices attached to a network(e.g., network 490), such as one or more external systems or betweennodes of computer system 400. In various embodiments, network 490 mayinclude one or more networks including but not limited to Local AreaNetworks (LANs) (e.g., an Ethernet or corporate network), Wide AreaNetworks (WANs) (e.g., the Internet), wireless data networks, some otherelectronic data network, or some combination thereof. In variousembodiments, network interface 440 may support communication via wiredor wireless general data networks, such as any suitable type of Ethernetnetwork, for example; via telecommunications/telephony networks such asanalog voice networks or digital fiber communications networks; viastorage area networks such as Fiber Channel SANs, or via any othersuitable type of network and/or protocol.

Input/output devices 450 may, in some embodiments, include one or moredisplay terminals, keyboards, keypads, touchpads, scanning devices,voice or optical recognition devices, or any other devices suitable forentering or accessing data by one or more computer systems 400. Multipleinput/output devices 450 may be present in computer system 400 or may bedistributed on various nodes of computer system 400. In someembodiments, similar input/output devices may be separate from computersystem 400 and may interact with one or more nodes of computer system400 through a wired or wireless connection, such as over networkinterface 440.

In some embodiments, the illustrated computer system may implement anyof the operations and methods described above, such as the operationsdescribed with respect to FIG. 2 and the method illustrated by theflowchart of FIG. 3. In other embodiments, different elements and datamay be included.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that computer system 400 ismerely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope ofembodiments. In particular, the computer system and devices may includeany combination of hardware or software that can perform the indicatedfunctions of various embodiments, including computers, network devices,Internet appliances, PDAs, wireless phones, pagers, and the like.Computer system 400 may also be connected to other devices that are notillustrated, or instead may operate as a stand-alone system. Inaddition, the functionality provided by the illustrated components mayin some embodiments be combined in fewer components or distributed inadditional components. Similarly, in some embodiments, the functionalityof some of the illustrated components may not be provided and/or otheradditional functionality may be available.

Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, while various itemsare illustrated as being stored in memory or on storage while beingused, these items or portions of them may be transferred between memoryand other storage devices for purposes of memory management and dataintegrity. Alternatively, in other embodiments some or all of thesoftware components may execute in memory on another device andcommunicate with the illustrated computer system via inter-computercommunication. Some or all of the system components or data structuresmay also be stored (e.g., as instructions or structured data) on acomputer-accessible medium or a portable article to be read by anappropriate drive, various examples of which are described above. Insome embodiments, instructions stored on a computer-accessible mediumseparate from computer system 400 may be transmitted to computer system400 via transmission media or signals such as electrical,electromagnetic, or digital signals, conveyed via a communication mediumsuch as a network and/or a wireless link. Various embodiments mayfurther include receiving, sending or storing instructions and/or dataimplemented in accordance with the foregoing description upon acomputer-accessible medium or via a communication medium. In general, acomputer-accessible medium may include a storage medium or memory mediumsuch as magnetic or optical media, e.g., disk or DVD/CD-ROM, volatile ornon-volatile media such as RAM (e.g., SDRAM, DDR, RDRAM, SRAM, and thelike), ROM, and the like.

The methods described herein may be implemented in software, hardware,or a combination thereof, in different embodiments. In addition, theorder of methods may be changed, and various elements may be added,reordered, combined, omitted or otherwise modified. All examplesdescribed herein are presented in a non-limiting manner. Variousmodifications and changes may be made as would be obvious to a personskilled in the art having benefit of this disclosure. Realizations inaccordance with embodiments have been described in the context ofparticular embodiments. These embodiments are meant to be illustrativeand not limiting. Many variations, modifications, additions, andimprovements are possible. Accordingly, plural instances may be providedfor components described herein as a single instance. Boundaries betweenvarious components, operations and data stores are somewhat arbitrary,and particular operations are illustrated in the context of specificillustrative configurations. Other allocations of functionality areenvisioned and may fall within the scope of claims that follow. Finally,structures and functionality presented as discrete components in theexample configurations may be implemented as a combined structure orcomponent. These and other variations, modifications, additions, andimprovements may fall within the scope of embodiments as defined in theclaims that follow.

While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention,other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised withoutdeparting from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof isdetermined.

1. A computer-implemented method for transmitting messages associatedwith IPv4 addresses on an IPv6 network, comprising: receiving, in afirst message from an IPv4 network, an IPv4 address of a component inthe IPv4 network; parsing the IPv4 address into a plurality of elements;creating a new host name for the IPv4 address based on the parsedplurality of elements; sending, to a domain name server (DNS) associatedwith the IPv6 network, a request to perform a DNS lookup of the hostname; responsive to the DNS lookup request, receiving an IPv6 address;and processing the first message as if it were originally received withthe IPv6 address.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the firstmessage as if it were originally received with the IPv6 addresscomprises one of transmitting a response to the first message on thereceived IPv6 address or opening a connection for media transmission onthe IPv6 address.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first message isa SIP message used in VoIP transactions.
 4. The method of claim 3,wherein the first message is a SIP signaling message.
 5. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the IPv4 address identifies a location of where totransmit a response to the first message from the IPv6 network to theIPv4 network.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the IPv6 address isgenerated on a DNS64 server, and wherein a NAT64 component of the DNS64server stores an association of the IPv6 address with the original IPv4address.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting a response tothe first message as usual as if it were received with the IPv6 addresscauses all media transfer messages to be routed from the IPv6 network tothe IPv4 network without modification of the media transfer messages. 8.A client device including a client application that is connected to anIPv6 network, wherein the client application is preconfigured with an IPaddress conversion format and configured to: receive, in a first messagefrom an IPv4 network, an IPv4 address of a component in the IPv4network; parse the IPv4 address into a plurality of elements; create anew host name for the IPv4 address based on the parsed plurality ofelements; send, to a domain name server (DNS) associated with the IPv6network, a request to perform a DNS lookup of the host name; responsiveto the DNS lookup request, receive an IPv6 address; and process thefirst message as if it were originally received with the IPv6 address.9. The client device of claim 8, wherein processing the first message asif it were originally received with the IPv6 address comprises one oftransmitting a response to the first message on the received IPv6address or opening a connection for media transmission on the IPv6address.
 10. The client device of claim 8, wherein the first message isan SIP message used in VoIP transactions.
 11. The client device of claim10, wherein the first message is a SIP signaling message.
 12. The clientdevice of claim 8, wherein the IPv4 address identifies a location ofwhere to transmit a response to the first message from the IPv6 networkto the IPv4 network.
 13. The client device of claim 8, wherein the IPv6address is generated on a DNS64 server and wherein a NAT64 component ofthe DNS64 server stores an association of the IPv6 address with theoriginal IPv4 address.
 14. The client device of claim 8, whereintransmitting a response to the first message as usual as if it werereceived with the IPv6 address causes all media transfer messages to berouted from the IPv6 network to the IPv4 network without modification ofthe media transfer messages.
 15. A non-transitory computer readablemedium for storing computer instructions that, when executed by at leastone processor causes the at least one processor to perform a method fortransmitting messages associated with IPv4 addresses on an IPv6 network,when an IPv4 address for a network component is received on an IPv6network device, comprising: receiving, in a first message from an IPv4network, an IPv4 address of a component in the IPv4 network; parsing theIPv4 address into a plurality of elements; creating a new host name forthe IPv4 address based on the parsed plurality of elements; sending, toa domain name server (DNS) associated with the IPv6 network, a requestto perform a DNS lookup of the host name; responsive to the DNS lookuprequest, receiving an IPv6 address; and processing the first message asif it were originally received with the IPv6 address.
 16. The computerreadable medium of claim 15, wherein processing the first message as ifit were originally received with the IPv6 address comprises one oftransmitting a response to the first message on the received IPv6address or opening a connection for media transmission on the IPv6address.
 17. The computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein the firstmessage is an SIP message used in VoIP transactions.
 18. The computerreadable medium of claim 17, wherein the first message is a SIPsignaling message.
 19. The computer readable medium of claim 15, whereinthe IPv4 address identifies a location of where to transmit a responseto the first message from the IPv6 network to the IPv4 network.
 20. Thecomputer readable medium of claim 15, wherein the IPv6 address isgenerated on a DNS64 server and wherein a NAT64 component of the DNS64server stores an association of the IPv6 address with the original IPv4address.